Course 2024 CAS-005 Test Prep Training Practice Exam Download
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NEW QUESTION # 37
A security operations engineer needs to prevent inadvertent data disclosure when encrypted SSDs are reused within an enterprise. Which of the following is the most secure way to achieve this goal?
- A. Securely deleting the encryption keys used by the SSD
- B. Wiping the SSD through degaussing
- C. Writing non-zero, random data to all cells of the SSD
- D. Executing a script that deletes and overwrites all data on the SSD three times
Answer: A
Explanation:
The most secure way to prevent inadvertent data disclosure when encrypted SSDs are reused is to securely delete the encryption keys used by the SSD. Without the encryption keys, the data on the SSD remains encrypted and is effectively unreadable, rendering any residual data useless. This method is more reliable and efficient than overwriting data multiple times or using other physical destruction methods.
References:
* CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Highlights the importance of managing encryption keys and securely deleting them to protect data.
* NIST Special Publication 800-88, "Guidelines for Media Sanitization": Recommends cryptographic erasure as a secure method for sanitizing encrypted storage devices.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Within a SCADA a business needs access to the historian server in order together metric about the functionality of the environment. Which of the following actions should be taken to address this requirement?
- A. Isolating the historian server for connections only from The SCADA environment
- B. Publishing the C$ share from SCADA to the enterprise
- C. Adding the business workstations to the SCADA domain
- D. Deploying a screened subnet between 11 and SCADA
Answer: A
Explanation:
The best action to address the requirement of accessing the historian server within a SCADA system is to isolate the historian server for connections only from the SCADA environment. Here's why:
* Security and Isolation: Isolating the historian server ensures that only authorized devices within the SCADA environment can connect to it. This minimizes the attack surface and protects sensitive data from unauthorized access.
* Access Control: By restricting access to the historian server to only SCADA devices, the organization can better control and monitor interactions, ensuring that only legitimate queries and data retrievals occur.
* Best Practices for Critical Infrastructure: Following the principle of least privilege, isolating critical components like the historian server is a standard practice in securing SCADA systems, reducing the risk of cyberattacks.
* References:
* CompTIA Security+ SY0-601 Study Guide by Mike Chapple and David Seidl
* NIST Special Publication 800-82: Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security
* ISA/IEC 62443 Standards: Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems
NEW QUESTION # 39
A company's help desk is experiencing a large number of calls from the finance department slating access issues to www bank com The security operations center reviewed the following security logs:
Which of the following is most likely the cause of the issue?
- A. DNS traffic is being sinkholed.
- B. The DNS record has been poisoned.
- C. The DNS was set up incorrectly.
- D. Recursive DNS resolution is failing
Answer: A
Explanation:
Sinkholing, or DNS sinkholing, is a method used to redirect malicious traffic to a safe destination. This technique is often employed by security teams to prevent access to malicious domains by substituting a benign destination IP address.
In the given logs, users from the finance department are accessing www.bank.com and receiving HTTP status code 495. This status code is typically indicative of a client certificate error, which can occur if the DNS traffic is being manipulated or redirected incorrectly. The consistency in receiving the same HTTP status code across different users suggests a systematic issue rather than an isolated incident.
* Recursive DNS resolution failure (A) would generally lead to inability to resolve DNS at all, not to a specific HTTP error.
* DNS poisoning (B) could result in users being directed to malicious sites, but again, would likely result in a different set of errors or unusual activity.
* Incorrect DNS setup (D) would likely cause broader resolution issues rather than targeted errors like the one seen here.
By reviewing the provided data, it is evident that the DNS traffic for www.bank.com is being rerouted improperly, resulting in consistent HTTP 495 errors for the finance department users. Hence, the most likely cause is that the DNS traffic is being sinkholed.
References:
* CompTIA SecurityX study materials on DNS security mechanisms.
* Standard HTTP status codes and their implications.
NEW QUESTION # 40
An IPSec solution is being deployed. The configuration files for both the VPN concentrator and the AAA server are shown in the diagram.
Complete the configuration files to meet the following requirements:
* The EAP method must use mutual certificate-based authentication (With issued client certificates).
* The IKEv2 Cipher suite must be configured to the MOST secure
authenticated mode of operation,
* The secret must contain at least one uppercase character, one lowercase character, one numeric character, and one special character, and it must meet a minimum length requirement of eight characters, INSTRUCTIONS Click on the AAA server and VPN concentrator to complete the configuration.
Fill in the appropriate fields and make selections from the drop-down menus.
VPN Concentrator:
AAA Server:
Answer:
Explanation:
See the answer below in Explanation.
Explanation:
VPN Concentrator:
A screenshot of a computer Description automatically generated
AAA Server:
A screenshot of a computer Description automatically generated
NEW QUESTION # 41
During a gap assessment, an organization notes that OYOD usage is a significant risk. The organization implemented administrative policies prohibiting BYOD usage However, the organization has not implemented technical controls to prevent the unauthorized use of BYOD assets when accessing the organization's resources. Which of the following solutions should the organization implement to best reduce the risk of OYOD devices? (Select two).
- A. PAM. to enforce local password policies
- B. Cloud 1AM to enforce the use of token based MFA
- C. NAC, to enforce device configuration requirements
- D. DLP, to enforce data protection capabilities
- E. Conditional access, to enforce user-to-device binding
- F. SD-WAN. to enforce web content filtering through external proxies
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
To reduce the risk of unauthorized BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) usage, the organization should implement Conditional Access and Network Access Control (NAC).
Why Conditional Access and NAC?
* Conditional Access:
* User-to-Device Binding: Conditional access policies can enforce that only registered and compliant devices are allowed to access corporate resources.
* Context-Aware Security: Enforces access controls based on the context of the access attempt, such as user identity, device compliance, location, and more.
* Network Access Control (NAC):
* Device Configuration Requirements: NAC ensures that only devices meeting specific security configurations are allowed to connect to the network.
* Access Control: Provides granular control over network access, ensuring that BYOD devices comply with security policies before gaining access.
Other options, while useful, do not address the specific need to control and secure BYOD devices effectively:
* A. Cloud IAM to enforce token-based MFA: Enhances authentication security but does not control device compliance.
* D. PAM to enforce local password policies: Focuses on privileged account management, not BYOD control.
* E. SD-WAN to enforce web content filtering: Enhances network performance and security but does not enforce BYOD device compliance.
* F. DLP to enforce data protection capabilities: Protects data but does not control BYOD device access and compliance.
References:
* CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide
* "Conditional Access Policies," Microsoft Documentation
* "Network Access Control (NAC)," Cisco Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 42
You are a security analyst tasked with interpreting an Nmap scan output from company's privileged network.
The company's hardening guidelines indicate the following:
There should be one primary server or service per device.
Only default ports should be used.
Non-secure protocols should be disabled.
INSTRUCTIONS
Using the Nmap output, identify the devices on the network and their roles, and any open ports that should be closed.
For each device found by Nmap, add a device entry to the Devices Discovered list, with the following information:
The IP address of the device
The primary server or service of the device (Note that each IP should by associated with one service/port only) The protocol(s) that should be disabled based on the hardening guidelines (Note that multiple ports may need to be closed to comply with the hardening guidelines) If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
Answer:
Explanation:
See explanation below.
Explanation:
10.1.45.65 SFTP Server Disable 8080
10.1.45.66 Email Server Disable 415 and 443
10.1.45.67 Web Server Disable 21, 80
10.1.45.68 UTM Appliance Disable 21
NEW QUESTION # 43
A systems administrator wants to introduce a newly released feature for an internal application. The administrate docs not want to test the feature in the production environment. Which of the following locations is the best place to test the new feature?
- A. Development environment
- B. Testing environment
- C. Staging environment
- D. CI/CO pipeline
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 44
A security officer received several complaints from users about excessive MPA push notifications at night The security team investigates and suspects malicious activities regarding user account authentication Which of the following is the best way for the security officer to restrict MI~A notifications''
- A. Enabling OTP via email
- B. Provisioning FID02 devices
- C. Configuring prompt-driven MFA
- D. Deploying a text message based on MFA
Answer: C
Explanation:
Excessive MFA push notifications can be a sign of an attempted push notification attack, where attackers repeatedly send MFA prompts hoping the user will eventually approve one by mistake. To mitigate this:
* A. Provisioning FIDO2 devices: While FIDO2 devices offer strong authentication, they may not be practical for all users and do not directly address the issue of excessive push notifications.
* B. Deploying a text message-based MFA: SMS-based MFA can still be vulnerable to similar spamming attacks and phishing.
* C. Enabling OTP via email: Email-based OTPs add another layer of security but do not directly solve the issue of excessive notifications.
* D. Configuring prompt-driven MFA: This option allows users to respond to prompts in a secure manner, often including features like time-limited approval windows, additional verification steps, or requiring specific actions to approve. This can help prevent users from accidentally approving malicious attempts.
Configuring prompt-driven MFA is the best solution to restrict unnecessary MFA notifications and improve security.
References:
* CompTIA Security+ Study Guide
* NIST SP 800-63B, "Digital Identity Guidelines"
* "Multi-Factor Authentication: Best Practices" by Microsoft
NEW QUESTION # 45
A senior security engineer flags me following log file snippet as hawing likely facilitated an attacker's lateral movement in a recent breach:
Which of the following solutions, if implemented, would mitigate the nsk of this issue reoccurnnp?
- A. Permitting only clients from internal networks to query DNS
- B. Restricting DNS traffic to UDP'W
- C. Disabling DNS zone transfers
- D. Implementing DNS masking on internal servers
Answer: C
Explanation:
The log snippet indicates a DNS AXFR (zone transfer) request, which can be exploited by attackers to gather detailed information about an internal network's infrastructure. Disabling DNS zone transfers is the best solution to mitigate this risk. Zone transfers should generally be restricted to authorized secondary DNS servers and not be publicly accessible, as they can reveal sensitive network information that facilitates lateral movement during an attack.
References:
* CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Discusses the importance of securing DNS configurations, including restricting zone transfers.
* NIST Special Publication 800-81, "Secure Domain Name System (DNS) Deployment Guide":
Recommends restricting or disabling DNS zone transfers to prevent information leakage.
NEW QUESTION # 46 
An organization is planning for disaster recovery and continuity of operations.
INSTRUCTIONS
Review the following scenarios and instructions. Match each relevant finding to the affected host.
After associating scenario 3 with the appropriate host(s), click the host to select the appropriate corrective action for that finding.
Each finding may be used more than once.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simul-ation, please click the Reset All button.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
A computer screen shot of a diagram Description automatically generated
A screenshot of a computer error Description automatically generated
NEW QUESTION # 47
A financial services organization is using Al lo fully automate the process of deciding client loan rates Which of the following should the organization be most concerned about from a privacy perspective?
- A. Exposure to social engineering
- B. Possible prompt Injections
- C. Model explainability
- D. Credential Theft
Answer: C
Explanation:
When using AI to fully automate the process of deciding client loan rates, the primary concern from a privacy perspective is model explainability.
Why Model Explainability is Critical:
* Transparency: It ensures that the decision-making process of the AI model can be understood and explained to stakeholders, including clients.
* Accountability: Helps in identifying biases and errors in the model, ensuring that the AI is making fair and unbiased decisions.
* Regulatory Compliance: Various regulations require that decisions, especially those affecting individuals' financial status, can be explained and justified.
* Trust: Builds trust among users and stakeholders by demonstrating that the AI decisions are transparent and justifiable.
Other options, such as credential theft, prompt injections, and social engineering, are significant concerns but do not directly address the privacy and fairness implications of automated decision-making.
References:
* CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide
* "The Importance of Explainability in AI," IEEE Xplore
* GDPR Article 22, "Automated Individual Decision-Making, Including Profiling"
NEW QUESTION # 48
After some employees were caught uploading data to online personal storage accounts, a company becomes concerned about data leaks related to sensitive, internal documentation. Which of the following would the company most likely do to decrease this type of risk?
- A. Create SIEM rules to raise alerts for access to those platforms
- B. Improve firewall rules to avoid access to those platforms.
- C. Implement a cloud-access security broker
- D. Deploy an internet proxy that filters certain domains
Answer: C
Explanation:
A Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) is a security policy enforcement point placed between cloud service consumers and cloud service providers to combine and interject enterprise security policies as cloud-based resources are accessed. Implementing a CASB provides several benefits:
* A. Improve firewall rules to avoid access to those platforms: This can help but is not as effective or comprehensive as a CASB.
* B. Implement a cloud-access security broker: A CASB can provide visibility into cloud application usage, enforce data security policies, and protect against data leaks by monitoring and controlling access to cloud services. It also provides advanced features like data encryption, data loss prevention (DLP), and compliance monitoring.
* C. Create SIEM rules to raise alerts for access to those platforms: This helps in monitoring but does not prevent data leaks.
* D. Deploy an internet proxy that filters certain domains: This can block access to specific sites but lacks the granular control and visibility provided by a CASB.
Implementing a CASB is the most comprehensive solution to decrease the risk of data leaks by providing visibility, control, and enforcement of security policies for cloud services.
References:
* CompTIA Security+ Study Guide
* Gartner, "Magic Quadrant for Cloud Access Security Brokers"
* NIST SP 800-144, "Guidelines on Security and Privacy in Public Cloud Computing"
NEW QUESTION # 49
A company that relies on an COL system must keep it operating until a new solution is available Which of the following is the most secure way to meet this goal?
- A. Restricting system access to perform necessary maintenance by the IT team
- B. Placing the system in a screened subnet and blocking access from internal resources
- C. Isolating the system and enforcing firewall rules to allow access to only required endpoints
- D. Enforcing strong credentials and improving monitoring capabilities
Answer: C
Explanation:
To ensure the most secure way of keeping a legacy system (COL) operating until a new solution is available, isolating the system and enforcing strict firewall rules is the best approach. This method minimizes the attack surface by restricting access to only the necessary endpoints, thereby reducing the risk of unauthorized access and potential security breaches. Isolating the system ensures that it is not exposed to the broader network, while firewall rules control the traffic that can reach the system, providing a secure environment until a replacement is implemented.
References:
* CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Recommends network isolation and firewall rules as effective measures for securing legacy systems.
* NIST Special Publication 800-82, "Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security": Advises on isolating critical systems and using firewalls to control access.
* "Network Security Assessment" by Chris McNab: Discusses techniques for isolating systems and enforcing firewall rules to protect vulnerable or legacy systems.
By isolating the system and implementing strict firewall controls, the organization can maintain the necessary operations securely while working on deploying a new solution.
NEW QUESTION # 50
All organization is concerned about insider threats from employees who have individual access to encrypted material. Which of the following techniques best addresses this issue?
- A. SSO with MFA
- B. SAE
- C. Key splitting
- D. Sating and hashing
- E. Account federation with hardware tokens
Answer: C
Explanation:
The technique that best addresses the issue of insider threats from employees who have individual access to encrypted material is key splitting. Here's why:
* Key Splitting: Key splitting involves dividing a cryptographic key into multiple parts and distributing these parts among different individuals or systems. This ensures that no single individual has complete access to the key, thereby mitigating the risk of insider threats.
* Increased Security: By requiring multiple parties to combine their key parts to access encrypted material, key splitting provides an additional layer of security. This approach is particularly useful in environments where sensitive data needs to be protected from unauthorized access by insiders.
* Compliance and Best Practices: Key splitting aligns with best practices and regulatory requirements for handling sensitive information, ensuring that access is tightly controlled and monitored.
* References:
* CompTIA Security+ SY0-601 Study Guide by Mike Chapple and David Seidl
* NIST Special Publication 800-57: Recommendation for Key Management
* ISO/IEC 27002:2013: Information Technology - Security Techniques - Code of Practice for Information Security Controls By employing key splitting, organizations can effectively reduce the risk of insider threats and enhance the overall security of encrypted material.
NEW QUESTION # 51
A company receives several complaints from customers regarding its website. An engineer implements a parser for the web server logs that generates the following output:
which of the following should the company implement to best resolve the issue?
- A. IDS
- B. CDN
- C. WAF
- D. NAC
Answer: B
Explanation:
The table indicates varying load times for users accessing the website from different geographic locations.
Customers from Australia and India are experiencing significantly higher load times compared to those from the United States. This suggests that latency and geographical distance are affecting the website's performance.
* A. IDS (Intrusion Detection System): While an IDS is useful for detecting malicious activities, it does not address performance issues related to latency and geographical distribution of content.
* B. CDN (Content Delivery Network): A CDN stores copies of the website's content in multiple geographic locations. By serving content from the nearest server to the user, a CDN can significantly reduce load times and improve user experience globally.
* C. WAF (Web Application Firewall): A WAF protects web applications by filtering and monitoring HTTP traffic but does not improve performance related to geographical latency.
* D. NAC (Network Access Control): NAC solutions control access to network resources but are not designed to address web performance issues.
Implementing a CDN is the best solution to resolve the performance issues observed in the log output.
References:
* CompTIA Security+ Study Guide
* "CDN: Content Delivery Networks Explained" by Akamai Technologies
* NIST SP 800-44, "Guidelines on Securing Public Web Servers"
NEW QUESTION # 52
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